本文总结了近年来分子生物学技术在中药鉴定，包括在动、植物药材鉴定方面的应用，并简述这些技术的原理和方法。将应用的分子生物学技术分为 3类：电泳技术、生物免疫技术和 DNA分子遗传标记技术 (1.基于 PCR反应的方法，包括随机扩增多态 DNA、任意引物聚合酶链反应、微卫星 DNA、扩增片段长度多态和毛细管 PCR； 2.限制性片段长度多态和 PCR产物的 RFLP分析； 3.DNA测序； 4.高特异性 PCR鉴别； 5.DNA芯片或基因芯片鉴别 )。本文可供中医药工作者作参考。

We summarized the application of molecular biological technology in identification of TCM in recent years, including the identification of animal and plant medicine. We also described in brief the principles and methods of the molecular biological techniques. These techniques applied are divided into three parts, Electrophoresis, Immunity and DNA Molecular Genetic Marker. The third one includes 1) techinques based on Polymerase Chain Reaction, which includes Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Arbitrarily Primed PCR (AP－ PCR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Capillary PCR etc.; 2) Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and PCR－ RFLP; 3) DNA sequencing; 4) highly specialized PCR; 5) DNA chip or gene chip. This paper can be used for reference for those who are engaged in research of TCM