目的:比较中西医学临床诊疗思维特点与同异,探讨两种医学诊断要素、关联的数理特征和规律。方法:运用离散数学的图论、集合与映射理论,结合信息学及其技术,辅以医院病案信息,对中西方医学的理论基础、临床实践病史采集思维与行为方式、以及对诊断结论的抽象与命名等规律特点进行描述分析和关联比较,构建现代中医诸诊合参模型。结果:1.传统中医理论学与现代西医学的基本理论存有本质差异但在临床信息采集内容与手段上存有共性,离散数学适于表达这两类医学诊断原则与理论特征;2.糅合中西方医学中多种蕴含客观和数理规律的观察指标进行诸诊合并参构建了一种现代中医诊断模型,可用作临床诊断实践的思维规律框架;3.实例阐释了某一西医诊断的中医疾病和证候分布呈多样性,有部分可集中分布于少数几个病证类型。

The purpose of this paper is to describe the thinking lines of both Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） and Modern Western Medicine （MMW, MW）, and to analyze both similarities and differences between TCM and WM in clinical diagnoses and treatments, using discrete mathematics, in an attempt to compare the key elements, mathematical features, and regular patterns of both sciences in diagnose and treatment. In the study, a range of techniques and theories, including informatics, and discrete mathematics （set theory, mapping and function theory） were used to describe, analyze and compare the two sciences, in the context of theoretical foundation, thinking lines, and behaves of medical information collection, and the abstraction and nomination of diagnostic results. The study has come up with the following results 1) it confirms that there are some differences between TCM and WM in fundamental theories, though with shared aspects at the same time. Discrete mathematics is desirable for describing the principles and theories of TCM and WM; 2) a modern TCM diagnostic model is established, combining both math-physics related clinical indicators and decision making principles based on systematic technical information of TCM and WM practices; 3) clinical cases are used to explain the traces of TCM diagnostic theory in a WM diagnosis, though diverse in forms. Authors conclude that it is necessary to put together the thinking lines of both TCM and WM, taking advantage of quantitative nature and methodologies of mathematical description.

广东省科学技术厅社会发展攻关项目(2002B3060702): 中医诊疗标准和规范的数字化研究与应用, 负责人: 吕玉波; 广东省科学技术厅社会发展攻关项目(C10115): 中医诊疗智能系统的研究与开发, 负责人: 罗云坚。