目的：明确蒙古黄芪的重要生态因子，分析其在中国的适宜生长区域，为蒙古黄芪的引种扩种以及合理规划生产布局提供参考。方法：综合实地采样、标本查阅和文献研究结果，应用ArcGIS和气候数据库提取蒙古黄芪各样点生态因子，应用层次分析法对生态因子综合分析确定因子权重，并以此为依据利用中药材产地适宜性分析平台（TCMGIS-II）对蒙古黄芪的生态适宜区进行分析。结果：蒙古黄芪生态因子的最适范围：活动积温9831.4～31145.6℃；相对湿度40.6%～77.7％；年均时照时数2413.5～3212.5h；年降水量178.6～541.4mm；1月最低温-35.6～-11.7℃；7月均温16.5～23.5℃；7月最高温22.8～29.9℃；土壤类型主要为褐土、灰色森林土、黑钙土等，结果表明：蒙古黄芪主要分布在中国北部相对干旱的地区，与主产区生态因子相似度为95%~100%的区域位于中国西北和东北地区，总共包括299个县市，面积约396325.6km2，其中内蒙古、新疆、黑龙江、河北和山西的适宜面积最大，达到688676km2，占总适宜面积的95.48%。内蒙古的适宜县市数最多且相对集中，包括79个县市，面积达438931km2，新疆其次；相似度为90%~95%的区域有263个县市的134163km2，其中以新疆适宜面积最大；相似度在80%~90%的区域分布较广，主要包括青海、西藏、四川、内蒙古等9个省份356个县市，总适宜面积为101540km2。结论：与蒙古黄芪TCMGIS-I分析相比，本研究在方法学、分析系统和分析结果上都具有绝对的优越性，而且本系统分析结果完全涵盖了TCMGIS-I分析的结果范围，同时分析出了很多新的适宜区域，通过后期实地考察和实验，这些区域很有可能发展成为未来蒙古黄芪潜在的适生区。

This work aimed to investigate the comprehensive ecological factors of Astragalus membranaceus and its regional suitability in China. Based on the field surveys, specimen examination and literature investigation, a nationwide analysis concerning the ecological factors and growing areas of A. membranaceus was made by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Geographic Information System(TCMGIS). The optimal range of ecological factors of A.membranaceus was determined as follows: 9831.4-31145.6℃ for the active accumulated temperature, 40.6%-77.7% for the relative humidity, 2413.5-3212.5 h for the annual sunshine time, 251-469 mm for the annual precipitation, -35.6-11.7℃ for the lowest temperature in Jan, 16.5-23.5℃ for the average temperature in July, 22.8-29.9℃ for the highest temperature in July, and cinnamon soil, orthic luvisols and chernozem the soil types. The analysis of the appropriate areas for A. membranaceus growth by TCMGIS-II showed that the suitable growth areas of A. membranaceus(similarity as 95%-100%) are the arid areas located in northern China, including 299 cities and counties and occupying 396325.6 km2, Among these provinces Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Hebei and Shanxi are larger and occupy 688676 km2, making up 95.48% of the total suitable area. Inner Mongolia has the largest number of suitable cities and counties which are relatively concentrated, covering 79 counties and areas and occupying 438931 km2. Xinjiang takes the second place, with the suitable area of A. membranaceus(similarity as 90%-95%) growth covering 263 cities and counties and occupying 134163 km2. Xinjiang Province also has the largest growth area of 45935 km2(5％). At the similarity of 80%-90%, Xinjiang has 356 cities and counties suitable for A. membranaceus growth, reaching 101540 km2. Compared with the TCMGIS-I analysis, the methodology and the system developed in this work are better. The suitable areas obtained here not only completely cover those by the TCMGIS-I, but also have found a number of new suitable areas for A. membranaceus growth. Through field study and experiments, these regions may develop into potential suitable areas in the future.

科学技术部“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAI06A15-12）：蒙古黄芪产业化关键技术研究，负责人：王兰英；科学技术部“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAI21B07）：中药材引种适宜产地评价方法及模式研究，负责人：宋经元。