目的：从东西方两种不同视角，对国内外中药研发状况予以分析，以期提出合理性建议，对我国中药研发方向的把握有所裨益。方法：运用文献历史回顾性研究、专家咨询和现场调查等方法，通过立足于中药资源、产业现状、产品结构、市场经济、医疗需求等背景，以日本、德国、美国及欧盟为主要着眼点。结果：①中药内涵与外延发生演变；②我国中药研发具有三向走势，包括中医理论指导下注重传统的中药研发方向、天然植物药理念引发的中药研发方向和中药与天然药物有机结合的中药研发方向；③国外植物药与国内中药研发趋势的逆向性趋同，主要体现在周边诸国从中药获利、欧洲将优秀传统与现代技术完美结合，以及美国从西方朝向东方。结论：中药研发属于高科技领域，我们要在“品、质、性、效、用”的关键问题和环节上勇于继承和完善，在政府主导下，全面整合资源，突出中医特色，在继承中借鉴，在创新中发展，迈出我国中药现代化之路。

The status quo of traditional Chinese medicine research and development (TCM R&D) both at home and abroad is analyzed from the eastern and western views, in order to present some rational suggestions for mastering the direction of TCM R&D in China. The historical review on references, expert consulting and field survey are adopted based on such background as TCM resources, industrial status, product structure, market economy and medical demand, especially focusing on Japan, German, USA and EU. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Evolution in connotation and denotation of TCM; 2. TCM R&D in China in three aspects:, TCM R&D focusing on tradition under the guidance of TCM theories; TCM R&D initiated by the notion of natural botanical drugs; TCM R&D in the direction of integrating TCM and natural botanical drugs; 3. R&D trends of botanical drugs overseas and TCM in China, which show convergence in the reversal feature: neighboring countries benefit from TCM;

国家自然基金联合基金项目（U0970182）：基于国家利益的“洋中药”应对战略研究，负责人：李平。