目的：通过开展桔梗杂种一代品系比较实验，为新品种鉴定及推广应用提供科学依据。方法：田间试验采用随机区组设计，收获期调查主要农艺性状；采用HPLC-ELSD 法测定桔梗中6 个单体皂苷含量；重量法测定桔梗中粗纤维含量。结果：3个杂种一代中，H18、H17、H15 单根鲜重分别为9.71g、7.46g、7.98g；6 个单体皂苷含量总和分别为0.40%、0.48%、0.47%；粗纤维含量分别为5.85%、5.53%、4.97%。H18、H17、H15 小区鲜根产量分别为2646.25g、2227.5g、1821.25g，分别较CK 增产121%、86%、52%。结论：3 个桔梗杂种一代中，H17 皂苷含量最高，H15 粗纤维含量低。H18 可作为综合型品种，H17 可作为药用型品种，H15 可作为食用型品种。3 个品系均具有增产潜力大、有效成分高等优点，可以作为新品种鉴定及推广应用，达到了选育的目标。

This work aimed to provide a scientific foundation for identification, application and extension of new varieties by the comparative tests of three Platycodon grandiflorum F1 hybrids. The main agronomic characteristics of the hybrids were investigated during the post-harvest period in a randomized block design. The contents of six kikyosaponins were analyzed by the HPLC-ELSD method, and the content of crude fiber was determined by the gravimetric method. For H18, H17 and H15, the average fresh weight of roots was 9.71 g, 7.46 g, 7.98 g, respectively; the total content of the six kikyosaponins was 0.40%, 0.48 %, 0.47%, respectively; the content of crude fiber was 5.85%, 5.53%, 4.97%, respectively. The fresh weight of the block was 2646.25 g, 2227.5 g, and 1821.25 g, being 121%, 86%, and 52% higher than that of CK, respectively. Taken together, H17 has the highest kikyosaponin content, H15 has the lowest crude fiber content, and H18, H17 and H15 could all be used as medical and edible varieties. All the three hybrids not only have great potential to increase yield, but also possess high content of active ingredients. Therefore, they may satisfy the breeding requirement and thus be popularized as new varieties.

国家自然科学基金项目（30772728）：桔梗雄性不育遗传机制及杂种优势研究，负责人：魏建和。