本文通过对转化医学的提出背景、发展目标、研究路线图的系统介绍和对东、西方医学体系的差异及趋势分析，较全面地阐述了转化医学对新医药学发展所带来的启示。中医药学的优势在于具有整体观、系统论的指导思想；强调天人合一，调节平衡；采用中药复方来进行个体化治疗等特点。但中医药学在现代化道路上尚需解决若干关键科学问题：中医药如何从限于自己解释自己的封闭系统转化成能容纳百川的开放系统；如何实现和其他现代科学（如系统生物学等）之间的结合、整合、融合；如何体现现代的科学模式、研究方式和研究成果，即用数据（Data）来表现，而不是用语言（Word）来表现等。尽管东西方医学体系存在很大的差异，但是东西方医学优势互补、相互融合的趋势已经出现，我们应有意识的实现东、西方医学的结合、整合、融合并上升为21世纪的新医药学。有中国特色的新医药学基本模式具有以下几个特点：①医药不分家的一体化研究，具有药物系统针对生命系统的系统-系统相互作用特性；②临床诊断具有“病证结合”的整体表达模式，即包含了中医证候量化指标、西医病理生化指标及影像学指标和临床系统生物学发现的生物标志物（基因、蛋白质、代谢物）；③方、病、证对应的临床治疗模式，即针对病证结合的人体系统，用药形式是复方药物，达到方、病、证对应，整体治疗，系统调节的目标；④新药研发模式是医生参与、医药结合，走临床-动物-临床的研发途径；⑤复方药物和人体两个系统的表征能采用整体表征和局部特征相结合、定性分析和定量测定相结合等模式。

In this perspective paper the authors introduced the background, goals and roadmap of translational medicine, addressed the difference and progressive trend of eastern medicine and western medicine, and then discussed the development and prospect of the new medicine system. The advantages of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) lie in its guidelines based on holism and Systems theory, its methodology based on the balance of the body system as well as that of the human and the nature, and its personalized treatment with TCM formulas. But modernization of TCM still faces some challenges: how to translate the closed system of TCM into an open system; how to achieve the combination, integration and fusion of TCM and other modern science and technology; how to implement the scientific model, methodology and modern achievements in the study of TCM, interpreting it with data instead of words. There are much difference between eastern medicine and western medicine, but the trend of complementary development and integration of each other is irresistible. We should try to push the progress of the combination, integration and convergence of eastern medicine and western medicine to welcome the emergence of new medicine in 21 century. The development of new medicine system may have some requirements and characteristics as follows: firstly, it requires a model of system-system interaction of drug system and biological system; secondly, it requires a comprehensive clinical diagnosis system taking both disease and syndrome into account, including some quantitative indicators of syndrome based on Chinese medicine, some pathological indicators of biochemical and imaging based western medicine, and some biomarkers such as genes, proteins, metabolites based on the discovery of systems biology; thirdly, it requires a clinical treatment patterns based on parallelism of formula-disease-syndrome; fourthly, it requires an R&D model of Beside-Bench-Beside; fifthly, the study of the drug system and human system requires combination of overall characterization and specific characterization as well as combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis.

科学技术部国际合作项目（2010DFA32420）：中医病证诊断和中药疗效评价及数据挖掘的新方法研究，负责人：罗国安；国家科技支撑计划课题（2006BAI08B04）：中药复方作用和配伍评价研究，负责人：罗国安；国家创新药重大科技专项课题（2009ZX09311-001）：中药新药发现和评价技术平台的建立，负责人：张卫东，王义明；国家创新药重大科技专项课题（2009ZX09103-354）：中药组分配伍治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤的新药研究，负责人：孟宪生，梁琼麟。