目的:探讨穿龙薯蓣无支架、树枝支架、木杆支架和网状支架等不同采光结构对药材质量和产量的影响,从而确定适宜栽培方法。方法:比较不同采光结构下穿龙薯蓣的叶片大小、叶绿素含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量、药材的产量以及药材中薯蓣皂苷、原薯蓣皂苷含量。结果:4种采光结构中,木杆支架和网状支架叶片较大,叶绿素含量较低,SOD、CAT和PPO的活性较高,而PPO活性较低。无支架、树枝支架、木杆支架和网状支架产量分别是0.70、1.13、1.34和1.51 kg.m-2,薯蓣皂苷、原薯蓣皂苷总含量分别是3.04%、3.95%、5.33%和4.86%,而野生穿龙薯蓣含量为4.04%。产量主要是通过改善光照条件而实现,质量提高与光照强度增加有关。结论:网状支架提高穿龙薯蓣的产量和质量,为其他藤本类药材栽培提供良好借鉴。

This study aimed to explore the effect of lighting frameworks such as non-shelf,branch-shelf,stick-shelf and network-shelf on the yield and quality of Chinese medicine from Dioscorea nipponica,which is a perennial twisted herbal liana.The stick-shelf and network-shelf have bigger leaves,lower contents of chlorophyll,higher activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),hydrogen peroxidase(CAT) and peroxydase(POD),and higher content of malondialdehyde(MDA).But the activity of polyphenoloxidase(PPO) was lower.The yields from non-shelf,branch-shelf,stick-shelf and network-shelf were 0.70 kg/m2,1.13 kg/m2,1.34 kg/m2 and 1.51 kg/m2,respectively.The total contents of dioscin and protodioscin were 3.04%,3.95%,5.33% and 4.86%,respectively.But content from the wild was 4.04%.It indicates that the yield is mainly relied on the improvement of illumination condition.The Chinese medicinal quality improvement is related to the increase of light intensity.The increase of quality and production through network-shelf can offer good reference to other twining vine cultivation.

黑龙江省科技厅科技攻关项目(GB07C322):穿龙薯蓣优质高产技术研究,负责人:孟祥才