我国传统医学和以中药为基础的天然产物是现代药物重要的研究对象和一系列成果的来源，从参与国际知识产权竞争的角度看，保护中医药公有知识是一项艰巨且极富挑战的任务。本文通过分析国际天然药物市场的竞争局势和印、日、韩、欧美专利战略对中医药发展所形成的围剿态势，提出应该建立一个国家知识产权战略层面的防御与攻击密切结合的实战性试点项目--"351工程"。其中"3"是指建立3个数据库，"5"是指做5件事，"1"是指建立1个工作团队。本文就其紧迫性进行了讨论，认为天然药物行业是我们在国际市场上必须打赢、能够打赢的领域。抛砖而引玉，本文如能对我国中医药现代化的发展有点滴参考，将是作者莫大的荣幸！

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) oriented natural products are important objects in the study of modern medicine and the source of a series of study achievements. From the prospect of participation in the international intellectual competition, the property protection of public knowledge of Chinese medicine is a difficult and challenging task. This paper analyzed the patent competition and patent encirclement strategies in India, Japan, Korea, Europe and the United States. The establishment of "351 Project", which is a pilot project integrated with defense and attack on the national level strategically, has been proposed. In the term "351 Project", "3" refers to the establishment of three data bases, "5" refers to five tasks, and "1" refers to one work team. This article discussed the urgency of the implementation of "351 Project". And the authors strongly believe natural medicine product industry is a field that we must and we are also able to win in the international competition. This article is focused on this area and aimed to serve some reference effect for the development of TCM modernization, which will be a great honor for the authors.

东方科技论坛第194期"中医药国际化中的知识产权问题"会议报告，会议主办单位：上海市人民政府、中国科学院和中国工程院，承办单位：上海中医药大学、国家中医药管理局传统医药法律保护重点研究室，执行主席：宋晓亭、单晓光。本报告由会议主席宋晓亭提议并经全体与会专家一致同意做为第194期东方论坛向国家主管部门提交的建议。