通过比较各分子标记的PCR扩增成功率、测序效率、种内与种间变异和鉴定成功率等指标，考察6个分子标记（rbcL、matK、psbA-trnH、psbK-psbI、核ITS和ITS2）及其组合对蜘蛛抱蛋属药用植物的鉴定结果，评价不同标记在蜘蛛抱蛋属药用植物中的鉴定能力，确定适合该属鉴定的DNA分子标记。结果显示，对蜘蛛抱蛋属11个种20个样本进行分析，rbcL、matK、psbA-trnH、psbK-psbI序列获得率较高，matK鉴定成功率在获得的单一序列中最高（85%），多序列组合在鉴定效率方面比单一序列有所提高，其中matK+psbK-psbI的鉴定成功率为100%。因此，matK+psbK-psbI可用于蜘蛛抱蛋属药用植物的鉴定。

To test the DNA molecular markers (rbcL, matK, psbA-trnH, psbK-psbI, nr ITS and ITS2) to identify medicinal plants in Aspidistra，the efficiency of PCR amplification and sequencing, intraspecific variation and interspecific divergence and identification efficiency were used to evaluate these loci. The results showed that through analysis of 20 samples of 11 species of Aspidistra, rbcL、matK、psbA-trnH and psbK-psbI had high efficiency of PCR amplification and sequencing and the success identification rate of matK was the highest (85%) in single sequence. The discrimination ability of different sequences was shown higher using the sequence combinations, in which the success identification rate of matK+psbK-psbI was 100%. Therefore, matK+psbK-psbI could be used to identify the medicinal plants in Aspidistra.

北京市科技计划项目（D08080203640901）：羌活、石斛药材质量评价和分子生物学鉴定示范研究，负责人：陈士林。