来源于印度的三果汤由余甘子、诃子和毛诃子组成，它不仅是使用频率最高的著名印度传统药配方，而且还是二十五味余甘子丸等众多常用藏药复方的基础方，被收载于《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准·藏药（第一册）》（1995年版）中。近年来，我国和印度学者对三果汤化学、药理研究和临床应用均取得了成果，尤其在抗疲劳、抗氧化、防治高原红细胞增多症等方面，三果汤均具有一定的治疗和预防保健作用。对此，本文介绍了三果汤在印度传统医药和藏医药应用中的异同，并对三果汤的化学成分、质量控制、药理作用、临床应用和现代制剂开发利用情况进行了总结，提出要在学习借鉴印度传统医学经验基础上，应结合藏医药、印度传统医药理论和临床特点，开展体现传统医药整体性的三果汤药效物质基础和配伍规律的现代研究。

San-Guo-Tang is consisted of Fructus Chebulae, Fructus Terminaliae Billericae and Fructus Phyllanthi from India. It is not only the most frequently used formula in Ayurvedic medicine, but also used as the basic preparation in Tibetan medicine such as Er-shi-wu-wei Yu-gan-zi Wan which was recorded in the Chinese Departmental Pharmaceutical Standard·Tibetan Medicine (1995 edition). In recent years, considerable achievements have been made in aspects of chemical compositions, pharmacological effects and clinical applications of San-Guo-Tang both by Chinese and Indian scholars. The therapeutic effect and health maintenance effects are obvious especially in fatigue prevention, anti-oxidation and high altitude polycythemia (HAPC) prevention. Therefore, this paper introduced differences and similarities of San-Guo-Tang used in Ayurvedic medicine and Tibetan medicine. The chemical composition, quality control, pharmacological effect, clinical effect and modern preparation development of San-Guo-Tang were also reviewed. It suggested that based on the learning of Ayurvedic medicine experiences and combination of theory and clinical features of Tibetan medicine and Indian Ayurvedic medicine, modern research on the pharmacodynamic material basis and compatibility law should be conducted on San-Guo-Tang.

国家自然科学基金项目(30973957)：HAPC藏医多血症的生物学基础及藏药三果汤散干预研究，负责人：张艺；国家自然科学基金项目(30960507)：中藏药治疗高原红细胞增多症的多靶点筛选评估系统研究，负责人：旺堆；教育部2009年高校博士点专项科研基金项目(20095132110008)：藏药三果汤散防治高原红细胞增多症药效物质基础的代谢组学研究，负责人：张艺。