药物配伍禁忌是药物与机体相互作用本质的具体体现，关乎到临床用药安全，是社会民众与医药卫生领域高度关注的焦点和重大科学问题。配伍用药是中医遣药组方、辨证施治的主要形式和应用特点。中华民族在长期的临床用药实践中总结形成了以“十八反”、“十九畏”等为代表的中药配伍禁忌经验轮廓，它体现了中药配伍禁忌的基本特征。提出科学假说：中药配伍禁忌是药性相反或相制的代表性组合；反药组合的构成-剂量-物质变化具有特定的毒效表征；妨害治疗与宜忌转化是反药配伍规律的辩证体现。构建技术体系：构建中药配伍禁忌数据挖掘与知识发现技术；构建中药配伍毒性发现与评价方法技术；构建中药配伍致毒增毒减效的化学物质基础研究方法技术；构建基于反药组合的毒效物质代谢过程及相互作用机制研究方法技术；构建基于同方配伍的反药组合妨害治疗作用机制研究技术；构建基于特定病理环境的反药配伍组合宜忌转化研究技术。为中药配伍禁忌研究和丰富中医药配伍理论提供技术支撑。研究任务与目标：以古今文献信息数据挖掘为支撑，以药物安全性评价、毒理毒代、毒效物质、药物相互作用等研究方法为手段，揭示中药配伍禁忌代表性反药组合的毒效表征及其变化规律；基于药物配伍环境及特定病理条件，从妨害治疗和宜忌转化的角度探讨反药配伍临床应用宜忌条件。最终目标是通过对中药配伍禁忌代表性反药组合禁、忌、宜的科学界定和系统性示范研究，形成特色鲜明的中药配伍禁忌研究思路与技术体系框架，创建客观适宜的中药配伍禁忌研究模式，丰富和发展中药配伍禁忌理论，为临床用药安全有效提供指导，为《中华人民共和国药典》中药配伍禁忌内容的修订提供依据，为构建我国中药及其临床配伍用药安全预警系统奠定基础。

Drug incompatibility is related to the safety of drug use in clinic and embodied the essence of interaction between drugs and organism. It is great scientific problem and focus and attracted more attention. Compatibility of medicines is the mainly form and applied characteristics of TCM clinic. "Eighteen Incompatible Medicament" and "nineteen counteraction", which represent the traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility, are experience summarizations based on medications in clinic and embodied the basic properties of incompatibility theory in traditional Chinese medicine. Put forward the scientific hypothesis: The traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility is the character combinations of potency reverse or potency control. The formation, dosage, and chemical changes of the combinations character with specific attributes of toxicities and activities. And the effectreducing and proper / taboo condition embodied the dialectical rule of incompatibility. Establish the technology system: (1) Technology of data mining and knowledge discovery research of TCM incompatibility. (2) Technology of evaluating toxicity and toxic mechanisms. (3) Method and technology of toxic or active components research based on modern multi-analytic methods. (4) Method and technology of metabolize in body and interaction of drugs. (5) Technology of effect -reducing mechanisms research in formulae containing drug pair of traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility. (6) Technology of proper / taboo condition and compatibility relationship research in specific pathology environment. These information would be provide technical support for investigating the traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility and enriching the compatibility theory of TCM. Research tasks and goals: The specific attributes and rules of toxicities and activities of traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility would be elucidate clearly base on the mass data from ancient and modern literatures, working with methods and technology of drug safety evaluation, metabolize in body, chemical components research, and drug interactions, and so on. The proper / taboo conditions of clinical application of incompatibility drugs would be investigate in terms of effect-reducing and proper / taboo translation based on the specific compatible and pathological environment. The ultimate aims will put forward the distinguishing feature of research thoughts and establish the technological system framework, and create the research mode by investigating the defining the forbid, avoid, and suitable scientifically and systematic research of traditional Chinese medicine incompatibility. These information will be enriched the compatible theory of traditional Chinese medicine. And this project will be to offer guidance for safe and effective clinical medication, to supply basis for the revision of the incompatibility content of traditional Chinese medicine in Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China, to provide a scientific basis for establishing early -period security advance warning system for traditional Chinese medicine clinic application.

国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973 计划”）项目（2011CB505300）：基于“十八反”的中药配伍禁忌理论基础研究，负责人：段金廒。