matK 是植物DNA 条形码鉴定的核心序列之一，其引物通用性一直存在争议。然而，matK不同引物通用性的差异及其在不同植物类群中通用性的差异尚缺乏系统研究。本研究收集种子植物36 个目，239 个科，3 292 个属11 429 个种的14 563 条全长matK 序列。利用生物信息学方法，分析13 对matK 引物及其78 种两两引物组合的通用性。结果表明引物xf/5r、1F/8R、390F/1326R 和3F_KIM/1R_KIM 是通用性最高的4 对引物，在所有种子植物中分别为91.18%、84.65%、79.81%和80.94%；不同种子植物类群（目），通用性最高的引物存在差异；xf/5r 是引物组合的基础序列，1F/8R、1F/1R、M3/M4 和3F_KIM/1R_KIM 可作为引物组合的补充引物。本研究为种子植物不同类群（目）DNA条形码鉴定matK 序列引物的选择提供有价值的参考。

matK is one of the core DNA barcode markers for plant DNA barcode identification and its universality using single makers has been in controversy. However, the universalities of different matK primer pairs in same seed plant group (order) and same matK primer pairs in different seed plant groups (order) are lack of systematic research. In this study, we collected 14563 full-length matK sequences of 11429 species of 3292 genera in 239 families belonging to 36 orders in seed plants. The universalities of 13 matK primer pairs and its 78 primer combinations have been assessed using bioinformatics methods. The results indicated that xf/5r, 1F/8R, 390F/1326R and 3F_KIM/1R_KIM were the four most universality primer pairs. The four markers爷universalities were 91.18%, 84.65%, 79.81% and 80.94% respectively in all 11429 seed plants. The most universality primer pairs in different orders were different. For each order, the primer pair with maximum universality was different. the xf/5r was the basal primer pair for primer combination and 1F/8R, 1F/1R, M3/M4 and 3F_KIM/1R_KIM could be the complementary primer pairs. This study could be a valuable resource for the primer selection of the research DNA barcoding identification in seed plants.

科学技术部国家高技术研究发展计划（“863 计划”）项目（2012AA021602）：基于DNA 条形码的珍稀药用、野生等资源快速检测技术及产品开发，负责人：陈士林；教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目（IRT1150）：中药资源学，负责人：陈士林。