目的：通过优化的均匀设计方法，以脂质代谢、血小板功能、血管活性物质和炎症因子等药理学指标，对理气活血中药配伍（简称气血并治方）水溶性提取物进行配伍配比，寻找和辨识其防治动脉粥样硬化的有效组分及最佳配比。方法：将气血并治方水溶性提取物通过大孔树脂按照不同极性分为6 组分，运用优化的均匀设计方法进行不同比例的配伍，观察各配伍组分对高脂血症模型大鼠的血脂水平、血小板聚集性、炎症因子和血管内皮因子的影响，比较其作用强度和作用环节的差异。结果：通过优化均匀设计的药理实验和统计分析，与模型组比较，气血并治方水溶性提取物的D 组分（主要为芍药苷，约占49.12%）、E 组分（主要为总黄酮，约占30.0%）配伍具有显著降低血清胆固醇和甘油三酯水平的作用（P<0.01），同时对血浆内皮素（ET）和血小板最大聚集率有显著抑制作用（P<0.01）。方中F 组分（主要为总酸，约占32.7%）具有抑制血清中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）水平的作用（P<0.01）。结论：气血并治方中药水溶性提取物不同配伍可作用于机体的不同靶点或环节，其全方提取物的有效组分主要是芍药苷、黄酮类、总酸，最佳比例约为1:1:1。

This experiment was designed to search and identify the active principle as well as the optimal proportion of water-soluble extractives of traditional Chinese medicine (water-soluble extractives) Liqi Huoxue medicinals compatibility (Qixue Bingzhi Fang-CWQB) in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis (As) by optimal uniform design method. The water-soluble extractives of CWQB were divided into 6 sections (A, B, C, D, E, F) through macroporous resin. The effect intensity and step of every component were compared through its effect on blood fat level, platelet aggregation, inflammatory factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and so on among hyperlipoidemia rat models. The pharmacological experimental results and statistical analysis showed that CWQB watersoluble extractives of component D (mainly is paeoniflorin, accounted for 49.12%), component E (mainly is total flavonoids, accounted for 30.0%) compatibility had better effects on decreasing blood fat and triglyceride (TG). Compared with the model group, there was significant difference (P < 0.01). It also had inhibiting effect on endothelin (ET) and maximum platelet aggregation rate (P < 0.01). The component F (mainly is total acids, accounted for 32.7%) had inhibiting effect on serum IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.01). It was concluded that different compatibility of water-soluble extractives of CWQB can be applied to different targets or steps of the body. The active principle extractives include main component of paeoniflorin, flavonoids and total acids. The best proportion is about 1:1:1.

科学技术部国家重点基础研究发展规划项目（G1999054405）：方剂关键科学问题的基础研究——气血并治方防治动脉粥样硬化（AS）的研究，总课题负责人：王永炎，张伯礼，子课题负责人：史大卓，程翼宇。