目的：观察桃核承气汤对脓毒症大鼠不同脏器组织的影响。方法：将雄性清洁级SD 昆明大鼠100 只随机分为正常对照组、模型对照6 h 组、模型对照12 h 组、桃核承气汤6 h 组和桃核承气汤12 h组。正常对照组不作任何处理，其余组别采用经典的盲肠结扎穿孔法（CLP）复制脓毒症动物模型，模型组每只大鼠每天按1 mL/100 g 体质量灌胃给予生理盐水，核承气汤组每只大鼠每天按1 mL/100 g 体质量予桃核承气汤药液灌胃，7 天后造模。大鼠造模成功后6 h、12 h 分别采集肺、心脏、肾、肝、小肠组织标本，光镜和电镜观察各组不同组织病理形态学改变情况。结果：与同时点模型组比较，桃核承气汤组大鼠肺、心、肾组织病理形态学改变不明显；桃核承气汤12 h 组大鼠肝、小肠组织病理形态学变化比较明显，两组病理形态学评分比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：桃核承气汤对CLP 脓毒症大鼠肝、小肠组织具有保护作用，其作用机制尚待进一步研究。

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Tao-He Cheng-Qi Decoction (THCQD) on tissue injury of different organs among rats with sepsis. A total of 100 Kunming male SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into five groups, which were the normal control group, model 6 h control group, model 12 h control group, THCQD 6 h group and THCQD 12 h group. The normal control group received no treatment. The classic CLP method was applied in the establishment of sepsis rat model in other groups. Intragastric administration of saline 1 ml/100 g(weight) was given to each rat in the model group every day. Intragastric administration of THCQD 1 ml/100 g(weight) was given to each rat in the THCQD group every day. The model was established after 7 days. Tissue specimens of lung, heart, kidney, liver, and small intestine were collected at 6 h and 12 h after modeling, respectively. Pathomorphological changes of each group were observed by light microscopy and electron microscope. The results showed that compared with the model group at the same time point, pathomorphological changes of tissues of the lung, heart, kidney in THCQD group were not significant. However, pathomorphology of tissues of the liver and small intestine changed significantly in the THCQD 12h group. And there were statistical differences (P < 0.05) between two groups in the score of pathomorphology. It was concluded that THCQD had protective effect on tissues of the liver and small intestine among rats with sepsis. However, the mechanism is not clear and requires further research.

广东省自然科学基金委博士启动项目（9451040701003687）：通腹活血法对脓血症大鼠TLR4 信号通路作用的研究，负责人：李际强。