目的：观察不同柴胡剂量的小柴胡汤对LPS 诱导发热大鼠模型体温及血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-ɑ的影响，并探讨其作用机制。方法：50 只SD 大鼠随机分为5 组：正常对照组、发热模型组、小柴胡汤（大）组、小柴胡汤（中）组、小柴胡汤（小）组。以20 μg·kg-1 剂量腹腔注射LPS 制作发热模型；造模同时，给予相应的小柴胡汤水煎液或生理盐水。造模后每隔30 min 测定体温（Ti），连续测量240 min，计算体温变化值驻T（△T=△Ti-T0）。最后1 次测量体温后，取血，酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-ɑ水平。结果：小柴胡汤（大）组在3 h、3.5 h、4 h 此3 个时间节点有明显降低大鼠体温的效果（P<0.01 或P<0.05），这种降温效果在3.5 h、4 h 两个时间节点优于小柴胡汤（中）组、小柴胡汤（小）组二组（P<0.01 或P<0.05）。与发热模型组比较，3 组小柴胡汤均可明显降低血清中IL-1β的含量（P<0.05），其中小柴胡汤（大）组效果显著（P<0.01）。与发热模型比较，小柴胡汤（大）组可明显降低血清中IL-6、TNF-ɑ的含量（P<0.05）。结论：小柴胡汤具有降低LPS 诱导发热大鼠模型体温与降低血清中的IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-ɑ含量的功效，在一定范围内与方中柴胡剂量之间呈正相关剂量依赖关系。

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Xiao-Chai-Hu Decoction (XCHD) with different doses of Bupleurum on body temperature and content of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-ɑ in serum among fever rat models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to and investigate its action mechanism. A total of 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including the normal control group, fever model group, XCHD group (high-dose), XCHD group(middle-dose), and XCHD group (low-dose). The fever rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS(20 μg/kg). At the same time, all rats were given corresponding XCHD or saline solution by gavage. The body temperature of rats (Ti) was measured every 30 min for 240 min after the injection of LPS. Change values of body temperature △T(△T=Ti-T0) were calculated. After the last measurement of body temperature, blood was taken for the detection of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-ɑ level in serum with ELISA. The results showed that the body temperature of XCHD group (high-dose) was obviously decreased at the time point of 3 h, 3.5 h, 4 h (P < 0.01, or P < 0.05). This temperature reducing effect at the time point of 3.5 h and 4 h was better than the XCHD group (middle-dose) and XCHD group (low-dose, P < 0.01, or P < 0.05). Compared with the fever model group, all three XCHD groups can obviously reduce the IL-1β level (P < 0.05). Among them, the XCHD group (high-dose) had obvious effect (P < 0.01). Compared with the fever model group, the XCHD group (high-dose) can obviously reduce contents of IL-6 and TNF-ɑ in serum (P < 0.05). It was concluded that XCHD can reduce fever induced by LPS in rats and decrease contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-ɑ in serum. This effect has a positive dose-effect relationship with the dose of Bupleurum in a certain range.

贵阳中医学院2010 年度博士基金项目（2010297）：柴胡用量对小柴胡汤功效影响的理论及实验研究，负责人：曹峰。