编者按：2006 年，我国颁布的《国家中长期科技发展规划纲要（2006-2020 年）》（简称《纲要》），首次将 “人口与健康”列为重点领域，凸显了人口与健康的重要地位和战略意义。《纲要》同时部署安排了“安全 避孕节育与出生缺陷防治”、“心脑血管病、肿瘤等重大非传染疾病防治”、“城乡社区常见多发病防治”、 “中医药传承与创新发展”、“先进医疗设备与生物医用材料”5 个优先主题和个重点研究方向，以期通过 系列研究探索我国未来“人口与健康”发展之路，提高我国医学科技的自主创新能力。《纲要》实施以来， 在提升我国医疗服务水平，改善人口质量和提高人民健康水平，巩固和加快医疗产业发展等方面，发挥了 积极作用，为满足人民群众日益增长的健康需求，提供了有力支撑。 2013 年，科技部对《纲要》实施情况进行了中期评估，形成了系列调研报告。为推进中医药领域科技 创新，帮助科研人员准确把握本领域科学技术发展脉络，了解相关科技工作部署，进一步激发创新思路， 本刊对“中医药传承与创新发展”优选主题进行纪实报道，以飨读者。

Editor's Note: In 2006, "national long-term science and technology development plan (2006-2020 year)" issued in China (referred to as the "program"), for the first time, it put "population and health" as a focus area and highlighted the importance of population and health status and strategic significance. The "program" also arranged five priority themes and a number of key research directions as the followings: "safe contraception and preventio n of birth defects","cardiovascular disease, cancer and other major non -communicable disease prevention", "urban and rural communities common disease prevention", "inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine development" and "advanced medical equipment and biomedical materials". It aimed to improve the capability of independent innovation of medical technology development in China through a series of studies to explore the future path of "population and health". Since the implementation of the "program", it had played an active role in improving our health care service levels, improving population quality and improving people's health and strengthening and accelerating the development of health care industry. It also provided strong support to meet the growing health needs of the people. In 2013, the Ministry of Science and Technology had a mid-term evaluation of the implementation of the "program" and formed a series of research reports. To promote scientific and technological innovation in the field of medicine, help researchers to accurately grasp the context of scientific and technological developments in the field, understand the relevant science and technology work arrangements and further stimulate innovative ideas, we public this documentary reports on preferred themes of "inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine development" to satisfy the readers.