目的：分析苍术不同炮制品炮制前后，挥发油量、组分变化和辅料对苍术热解特性的影响，为进一步研究和规范苍术炮制工艺提供依据。方法：通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取苍术挥发油，通过红外光谱法和气相色谱法, 对苍术炮制前后挥发油成分进行定性定量分析；通过热重法对比苍术及配比物热解特性。结果：苍术经炮制后，其挥发油的含量均有所下降，而炮制后挥发油中苍术素含量较生品均有不同程度的增加，其苍术素含量由高到低顺序依次为：焦苍术>麸苍术>米泔水制苍术>生苍术；温度于220℃以上辅料对苍术热解特性产生影响。结论：苍术经炮制后挥发油含量降低，苍术素含量增加，为进一步研究炮制工艺、制定质量标准以及阐明炮制机理提供了实验依据。

This study was aimed to analyze changes of content and quantity of essential oil of processing drugs of Rhizome Atractylodes and to achieve the impact of pyrolysis characteristics for using excipients, in order to offer evidences for further research and its processing technology. Steam distillation was used to extract essential oil in the Rhizome Atractylodes. Infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography were used in the qualitative and quantitative analysis on constituents of essential oil of processing products of Rhizome Atractylodes. Thermogravimetric analysis was used in the comparison of pyrolysis characteristics between Rhizome Atractylodes and its excipients. The results showed that the content of essential oil was declined after processing. However, after being processed, the content of atractylodin was increased at different degrees compared to crude product. The change of atractylodin showed different tendency in different processing drugs. The atractylodin content from high to low was in the order of products stir-baked to yellowish, products roasted by bran, products prepared with rice water, crude drug. At the temperature of more than 220℃, excipients had major impact for the pyrolysis characteristics of Rhizome Atractylodes. It was concluded that the essential oil declined, but atractylodin increased after Rhizome Atractylodes being processed. It also provided experimental basis for further research on processing technology, ormulation of quality standard and improvement of processing mechanism.

国家自然科学基金委面上项目（81173555）：基于峻泻逐水及毒性与商陆皂苷甲变化相关的商陆炮制科学内涵的构建，负责人：张朔生。