托法是中医外科内治三大法则之一，广泛运用于外科浅部化脓性疾病、内脏化脓性疾病及其他疾病，明确其作用机理是我们后学将托法发扬光大，更好服务临床的重要任务。本文通过对近年来有关托法作用机理研究文献的回顾与归纳，重点阐述了托法抗化脓性感染、抗肿瘤、抗胃溃疡作用及组方药物药理的研究现状，为临床应用开拓了新的领域；总结了托法机理研究的不足之处，即实验研究尚处于起步阶段，参考资料甚少，明显滞后于临床应用。最后对未来中医托法作用机理的研究方向与前景进行了展望，包括是否具有抑杀菌作用，促进固有免疫细胞的增殖与活性，调节体液组织因素中多种杀伤或抑菌物质以及调节特异性免疫；是否能够提高血中其他生长因子或另外因素，促进局部成纤维细胞的增生及肉芽组织的生长等。

Tuo-Fa was one of three internal treatment rules in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) surgery. It had been widely used in the treatment of superficial suppurative diseases, visceral suppurative diseases and other diseases. This article was aimed to clarify the action mechanism of Tuo-Fa for carrying forward better services in the clinic. This article reviewed and recapitulated related literatures on experimental researches of Tuo-Fa in recent years. It mainly showed the research status on anti-infection, anti-tumor and anti-gastric ulcer with Tuo-Fa and its prescriptions. It summarized the existed shortcomings, which was that experimental researches on the action mechanism of Tuo-Fa was still on the initial stage with a few references and obviously lagged behind clinical applications. However, some achievements were also made. It had initially revealed the action mechanism of Tuo-Fa in treatment of pyogenic infection. It also had research on action mechanism of anti-tumor and anti-gastric ulcer treatment. It developed new field for the clinical practice. Finally, the research on action mechanism of Tuo-Fa and future prospects were expressed.

内蒙古自治区科技厅内蒙古自治区自然科学基金委项目（2014MS0838）：透脓散对中性粒细胞表面Fc受体、C3b受体的影响，负责人：石志强；内蒙古自治区卫生和计划生育委员会医疗卫生科研计划项目（201302031）：透托法对浅部化脓性感染趋化因子C5a、LTB4影响的研究，负责人：肖成。