目的：研究炮姜温中药效的物质基础，观察其指标成分在脾胃虚寒组大鼠体内的代谢分布，探讨炮姜的归经。方法：制备大鼠脾胃虚寒模型，通过造模期间观察行为变化、进食量等指标，造模结束后测定大鼠脏器系数、小肠推进率等指标，评价炮姜对脾胃虚寒大鼠的温中作用；高剂量组和正常给药组大鼠于给药后5-360min之间的10个时间点摘眼球取血，处死取各组织并检测有效物质分布，进而得出相关药动学参数，比较炮姜指标成分在正常给药组和高剂量组大鼠各脏器中维持时间、AUC_0-t探讨炮姜在正常和脾胃虚寒情况下体内的组织分布与归经情况。结果：高剂量炮姜显著改善脾胃虚寒大鼠的状态，提高进食量、饮水量、体质量值，提高胃排空和小肠推进率；显著增加肝脏系数、脾脏系数和胸腺系数、以及血清和胃组织液中胃泌素、胃动素测定值。通过分析，确定炮姜入血的有效物质为6-姜酚、6-姜烯酚和8-姜酚，并广泛地分布于各脏腑组织中。并且在各脏腑组织中的分布与作用时间有较大差异。结论：炮姜具有显著温中作用；6-姜酚、6-姜烯酚和8-姜酚为炮姜所含温中功效物质。3种成分在各脏器组织中的代谢分布与炮姜归胃、脾、肺、肝经的传统认识基本吻合。

This study aimed to investigate the effective materials of common ginger in model rats of spleen and stomach deficiency-cold syndrome through detections of metabolism and distribution of effective materials,and to discuss the channel tropism of common ginger.Spleen and stomach deficiency-cold model was established.Behavior changes of rats and food-intake were observed.Indexes such as viscera coefficient and small intestinal transit rate were detected after the model was established in order to evaluate the warming middle effect of spleen and stomach deficiency-cold syndrome rat.Eyeball blood was collected from rats of the high and normal doses medicine groups at 10 timepoints from 5 min to 360 min after administration,respectively.Rats of all groups were sacrificed.And the distribution of effective materials was detected for the calculation of related pharmacokinetic parameters.The tissue distribution and channel tropism of common ginger under normal condition and spleen and stomach deficiency-cold syndrome were discussed through the comparison of maintenance time in each viscera and AUC_0-t of effective substances in the normal dose and high dose medicine groups.The results showed that high dose common ginger can significantly improve the symptoms of spleen and stomach deficiency-cold syndrome,increase the food-intake,water consumption, body weight,gastric emptying and small intestinal transit rate;obviously increase the liver coefficient,spleen coefficient and thymus gland coefficient,as well as the contents of gastrin(GAS)and motilin(MTL)in serum and gastric interstitial fluid.The analysis showed that the identified effective materials of common ginger in the blood were 6-gingerols,6-shogaol and 8-gingerol,which were extensively distributed in different viscera.There were differences on the distribution and time in different viscera.It was concluded that common ginger had the warming middle effect.The effective materials of warming middle effect were 6-gingerols, 6-shogaol and 8-gingerol.The tissue distribution of three main effective materials was consistent with channel tropism including the stomach,spleen,lung and liver channel.

国家自然科学基金委面上项目（81473368）：基于“病症-效应-生物样本分析”方法的生姜、干姜、炮姜药性物质研究，负责人：崔瑛。