慢性乙型肝炎是一类严重危害人民健康的肝脏疾病。中医药在临床辨证及对证治疗慢性乙型肝炎等方面具有独特作用，但复杂的病证关系依然制约了中医药治疗慢性乙型肝炎的发展。本文从慢性乙型肝炎的中医病证机制出发，分别从基因、蛋白、代谢及表观遗传学水平阐述了慢性乙型肝炎“病”的分子机制及“证”的生物物质基础，以期为慢性乙型肝炎中医精确治疗的发展提供参考。

Chronic Hepatitis B(CHB),a kind of liver disease,is a significant health hazard to human beings.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)presented special therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of CHB based on syndrome differentiation and treatment.However,the complicated relationship between disease and TCM syndrome led to many causal challenges of the TCM treatments for CHB.In this study,underlying the recognition of CHB from“disease”and“syndrome”in TCM,the molecular mechanism of“disease”and the biological substances of“TCM syndrome”were reviewed from the aspects of genes,proteins,metabolism and epigenetics levels respectively with the provision of a theoretical reference for the development of TCM precision treatment for CHB.

国家自然科学基金委面上项目（81473443）：基于动态生物网络的慢性乙型肝炎典型证候病证关系分子机制研究，负责人：陈启龙；上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金面上项目（14ZR1438800）：基于转录组学的慢性乙型肝炎“同病异证”分子机制研究，负责人：陈启龙。