目的：研究苗药鼻宁喷雾剂治疗过敏性鼻炎的药效物质基础，为其质量标准的提升奠定基础。方法：称取处方量的一枝黄花饮片、鹅不食草饮片加水浸泡，进行回流提取，提取液分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取，所得各部位分别干燥后制备成实验用样品溶液。选取健康成年SD大鼠60只，雌雄各半，按体重随机分为6组，每组10只，分别为正常组（Normal）、模型组（Model）、石油醚组（SYM）、乙酸乙酯组（YSYZ）、正丁醇组（ZDC）、水部位组（Water）。除正常组大鼠外其余组大鼠分别用20%二甲苯橄榄油溶液进行造模，造模成功后各给药组滴鼻给药，正常组和模型组滴予生理盐水。实验结束采集各实验组大鼠血清，ELISA法测定大鼠血清中IgE、IL-4和HT的含量，并对鼻粘膜组织病理形态学进行分析。结果：与正常组对照比较，模型组大鼠血清IgE、IL-4和HT含量均有显著增加（P<0.05）；与模型组对照比较，水部位组大鼠IgE、IL-4和HT含量均有显著降低（P<0.05），其余各组IgE、IL-4和HT的含量表现出降低趋势，但无统计学意义。鼻黏膜组织病理检查结果显示，与正常组对照比较，模型组大鼠鼻粘膜组织病理损伤指数极显著增大（P<0.01）；与模型组比较，正丁醇部位组与水部位组大鼠鼻粘膜组织病理损伤指数显著减少（P<0.05），其余组无统计学意义。结论：鼻宁喷雾剂治疗过敏性鼻炎时的药效物质基础主要是水部位组分。

This paper was aimed to study the material basis for the efficacy of Miao medicine Bi-Ning spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, and to lay a foundation for improvement of its quality standard. Solidago and Centipeda minima were weighed according to the prescription and then soaked in water. Reflux extraction was conducted to the liquid. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol were used in the extraction, respectively. Each received composition was dried and made into sample solution for the experiment. A total of 60 healthy adult SD rats, with the ratio of half male and half female, were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups according to the weight with 10 rats in each group. There were the normal group, the model group, the petroleum ether (SYM) group, the ethyl acetate (YSYZ) group, the n-butyl alcohol (ZDC) group and the water group. The 20% xylene olive oil solution was used in the model establishment of rats from different groups except the normal group. Intranasal administration of drug was given to different dosage group after the models were successfully established. Normal saline was given to the normal group and the model group. Serum of each experimental rat was collected at the end of the experiment. The contents of IgE, IL-4 and HT in serum were detected by ELISA. The pathological morphology of the nasal mucosa was analyzed. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the contents of IgE, IL-4 and HT in serum of the model group increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared to the model group, the contents of IgE, IL-4 and HT in serum of the water group decreased significantly (P <0.05). Contents of IgE, IL-4 and HT in other groups presented decreasing tendency. However, there was no statistical significance. The pathological morphology of the nasal mucosa results showed that compared with the normal group, the cell inflammatory response of the nasal mucosa tissues significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the cell inflammatory response of nasal mucosa tissues significantly decreased in the ZDC group and water group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in other groups. It was concluded that components in water part were the main material basis for efficacy of Bi-Ning spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

贵州省科技厅贵州省科技支撑计划项目（黔科合 SY 字[2015]3034）：苗药鼻宁喷雾剂的技术提升与深度开发研究；负责人：王森；遵义市科技局遵义市"15851人才精英工程"项目：苗药鼻宁喷雾剂的技术提升与深度开发研究，负责人：王森。