中医证候是中医理论的精粹部分，其生物学基础研究是证明中医科学性和中医药现代化的关键环节。转录组学从分子水平研究证候相关基因转录及转录调控规律以探索证候生物学基础，目前在证候研究中得到一定应用。本文对中医证候转录组学研究进行综述，包括转录组学内涵及研究方向、转录组学相关技术、中医证候的转录组差异表达和调控网络分析，并阐述了证候转录组学面临的挑战以及发展前景，以期为证候生物学基础研究提供新的思路和方法。

The theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome is an essential part of TCM theory. Research on biological basis of TCM syndrome is an important section to confirm the scientificalness of TCM in order to promote the modernization of TCM. Transcriptomics studies transcriptional levels and transcriptional regulatory network of TCM syndrome related genes at molecular levels to explore the biological basis of TCM syndrome. This paper reviewed research process of transcriptomics of TCM syndrome, including connotation and contents of transcriptomics, transcriptome chip technologies and sequence technologies, TCM syndrome related transcriptome differential expression and its regulatory networks. This paper also discussed challenges and prospects of TCM syndrome transcriptomics research in order to provide some different ideas and methods for the biological basis of TCM syndrome.

国家自然科学基金面上项目（81673847）：冠心病血瘀证相关lncRNA-miRNA调控网络研究，负责人：王阶；国家中医药管理局公益性行业专项(201207009)：证候类中药新药疗效评价方法研究，负责人：王阶。