目的：湖北省中药历史悠久，是我国重要的药材主产区之一，调查分析湖北市场流通中药材真伪情况对市场监管具有重要意义。方法：本文利用DNA条形码鉴定技术对抽样于湖北中药材市场的12份动物药及494份植物药提取总DNA并扩增相应鉴定序列，比对标准数据库实现真伪鉴别。结果：针对所抽样品，获得鉴定序列COI 12条，ITS2 482条，扩增成功率为98%；477份样品准确鉴定到种，鉴定成功率97%；共鉴定出伪品28份，占所抽查样品的5.5%，其中皂角刺掺伪9%，川贝母掺伪20%，桃仁掺伪44%。结论：DNA条形码技术作为一种快速、准确、易标准化的鉴定方法，为保障中药材用药安全提供有力技术手段，将在中药材市场监管中发挥重要技术支撑作用。

An authenticity survey and analysis of Hubei medicinal material market, is important for the market supervision for the significant historical impact and important economic status of Hubei province. Five hundred and six samples, including 12 animal origin medicines and 494 plant origin medicines, were random selected from Hubei province market, and were identified using DNA barcoding method by aligning the sequences obtained from the samples with standard database. Twelve COIs and 482 ITS2s were successfully amplified and sequenced, the amplification success rate was 98%, and 97% (477/494) sequences were identified in species-level; 5.5% (28/506) of the samples were identified to be adulterations, where 9% Gleditsiae spina, 20% Fritillariae cirrhosae Bulbus and 44% Persicae semen samples were identified to be adulterations. Results indicated that, DNA barcoding is a fast, accurate and easily standardized method, it provides a powerful mean to guarantee safety of traditional Chinese medicines, and it will play an important role in the supervision of medicinal material market.

国家自然科学基金青年项目（81603246）：基于大黄叶绿体基因组高变区分析鉴定机理研究，负责人：汪波；湖北省自然科学基金项目（2016CFB314）：湖北薯蓣属经济作物DNA条形码分子鉴定研究，主持人：汪波。