本文梳理了中药散剂从萌芽、诞生、繁荣到临床应用逐步减少的历史沿革。列举了中药散剂内服、外用的临床应用。对散剂制备工艺进行概述，结合研究者们在散剂研究过程中的创新及建议，总结了包含 粉碎、干燥、混合、掩味及抑制挥发、灭菌的制剂工艺发展成果。探讨了贯穿中药散剂制剂工艺、质量标准、临床应用（如患者依从性）中制约散剂规模化生产的主要问题。展望了散剂将走入更多医院、家庭为患者解除病痛的发展趋势，以期提高散剂的制剂水平和质量控制，促进散剂的规范化、标准化发展。

This paper reviews the history of traditional Chinese medicine powder from germination, birth, prosperity to the clinical application, which is gradually reduced. And it enumerates the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine powder taken orally, external application. The powder preparation process are outlined, summarizes the preparation results including crushing, drying, mixing, taste masking and inhibition of volatilization, sterilization with combining innovation and advice of researchers in the process of powder research. It discussed the main problems of restricting large- scale production that running through preparation, quality standard, clinical application (such as dependence of patients) of powder. Then, it forecasted that more and more hospitals and families will use traditional Chinese medicine powder to relieve pain of patients, in order to enhance the level of preparation and quality control, boosting the normalization and standardization of powder.

国家自然科学基金委员会青年基金项目（81403110）：基于人工神经网络算法的中药硬胶囊剂设计原理研究，负责人：杜若飞；国家自然科学基金委员会青年基金项目（81503263）:羟丙基甲基纤维素改善中药喷雾干燥热熔型黏壁及其机理研究，负责人：王优杰；上海市教育委员会预算内项目（2014YSN23）：固体中药制剂原料吸湿行为模拟与分析，负责人：赵立杰；上海市卫生计划生育委员会进一步加快中医药事业发展三年 行动计划（ZY3-JSFC-2-2002）:敛痔散方医院制剂研发，负责人：姚向阳。