目的：厘清《和剂局方》逍遥散药味计量，为逍遥散药效学研究和临床运用提供正确计量规范。方法：依据古医籍文献资料、古代度量衡考证资料及现代研究成果等，对逍遥散原方药味计量进行考证，确认规范换算标准。结果：逍遥散的计量按照宋朝度量衡规制中的“大制”进行折算，1两合41.3克。结论：长期以来对逍遥散药味计量的认识存在模糊混乱，使逍遥散药效学研究结果差异较大。只有使用药味规范计量才能使相关逍遥散药效学实验结果是可信的。

Objective: To provide the proper dose specification in pharmacodynamics and clinical application, the composition and dose of Xiaoyao Powder were clarified in Prescription of peaceful benevolent dispensary. Methods: The primary composition and dose of Xiaoyao Powder were verified according to the ancient medical documents, ancient weights, estimate, the results of modern research and so on, so as to confirm the specification conversion standard. Results: According to the weights and estimate in the Song dynasty, the dose of Xiaoyao Powder can be converted as follows: one Liang at that time is equal to 41.3 grams at present. Conclusion: The cognition of the composition and dose of Xiaoyao Powder was obscure and confused for a long time, which made the study of pharmacodynamics quite different. Only by using the primary composition and dose standard can make the results of researches on its medical effects reliable.

国家自然科学基金委员会地区科学基金项目（81560741）：分析CUMS大鼠脑5-HT介导信号转导及基因多态性变异挖掘“女子以肝为先天”理论基础，负责人：赵博。