目的：检测冠心病患者的舌苔微生物组16S rRNA，了解冠心病舌苔菌群结构，探讨冠心病不同类型舌苔菌群结构的差异。方法：收集冠心病患者共70例，其中薄白苔15例，黄厚苔33例，很黄厚苔22例，及健康对照组28例。采用16S rDNA测序方法分析对象的舌苔菌群结构。利用R语言软件进行treeplot构建，分析菌群差异。结果：共得到10506个不同的OTU（operational taxonomic units），样本间有显著差异的OTU有1068个（P<0.05）。将OTU与已知物种的16S数据库比对并物种注释，在门水平有16个物种，纲水平有31个物种，目水平有51个物种，科水平有86个物种，属水平有84个物种。两组样品菌群聚类为4大类，每个group均有其优势菌，group1 以链球菌属（Streptococcus）为主，group2 以普雷沃氏菌属（Prevotella）为主，group3 以梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）为主，group4以奈瑟菌属（Neisseria）为主。以group1为参照，group2、3、4患冠心病的风险递增（OR 值分别为3.00、3.75、4.64），与患薄白、黄厚、很黄厚舌苔递增相关（generalized odds 分别为0.29、0.19、0.18）。冗余分析（RDA）提示group3与高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、白细胞介素8（IL-8）等炎症指标较其他类型具有较显著的相关性。结论：舌苔菌群结构与患冠心病风险可能相关，并影响着舌苔变化。

Objective: To study structural characteristics of tongue coating flora and explore flora diversity between different types tongue coating in patients with coronary heart disease through high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. Methods: A total number of 70 patients with coronary heart disease were collected as experimental group, including 15 cases of white thin coating (WTC), 33 cases of yellow thick coating (YTC), and 22 cases of extremely yellow thick coating (EYTC), as well as 28 healthy persons as control group. The structure of tongue coating flora was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. R language software was used to conduct tree plot construction and analyze tongue coating flora’s difference. Results: A total of 10,506 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained, and there were1,068 OTUs with significant differences within the samples (P < 0.05). By comparing the OTU with the 16S database of known species and annotated the taxonomic hierarchy, we found that there were 16 species at the Phylum, 31 species at the Class, 51 species at the Order, 86 species at the Family and 84 species at the Genus. Two groups of samples were clustered into four major categories, among which the dominant bacteria in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were mainly composed by Streptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium and Neisseria, respectively. Taking group 1 as a reference, the risk of group 2, 3, 4 getting coronary heart disease progressively increased (The OR values were 3.00, 3.75 and 4.64, respectively). And there also had an incremental correlation with WTC, YTC and EYTC (generalized odds were 0.29, 0.19 and 0.18,respectively) within group 2, 3, 4. Compared with other groups, redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested that group 3 had amore significant correlation with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and other inflammatory indicators. Conclusion: The structure of the tongue coating flora is related to the risk of coronary heart disease and affects the change of the tongue coating.

福建省卫生计生青年科研课题资助计划目录（2016-1-84）：足阳明胃经埋线序贯治疗脾胃湿热型面部痤疮及其与菌群结构关系的研究，负责人：杨笑；福建省卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目资助计划（2015-ZQN-ZD-7)：高血压病患者舌苔菌群结构、及与肝火亢盛证的关系研究，负责人：骆杰伟；福建省中医药科研项目计划(2017FJZYJC105)：基于高通量测序的2型糖尿病患者不同性质舌苔的菌群分析,负责人：郑星宇。