非编码RNA（ncRNA）不仅参与疾病的发生发展过程，同时也是药物干预的潜在靶点。越来越多的研究发现中药活性成分可以通过调节miRNA、lncRNA和circRNA，调控相应基因及蛋白的表达水平，参与多种信号通路，调节细胞增殖、周期和凋亡等，进而发挥抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗感染及抑制结构重构等作用。作为中药活性成分作用的新靶点，这些ncRNA的出现有助于从表观遗传学层面揭示中药的作用机理，解决其多靶点多层次治疗疾病的本质，促进“中药成分—靶点—分子机制—疾病”的精准医疗模式的实现。有鉴于此，本文对目前以ncRNA为靶点的中药活性成分研究进行综述，以梳理发展现状并阐述尚存在的问题。

Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) was not only involved in the pathogenesis of diseases, but also a potential drug target. More and more studies have recently found that many bioactive ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could regulate the expression levels of genes and proteins by regulating miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA. They participated in various signal pathways, regulated cell proliferation, cycle and apoptosis, and thereby played significant roles in anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-infection and structural remodeling repression. As a new target for bioactive ingredients of TCM, the emergence of ncRNA helped to reveal the action mechanism of TCM from the epigenetic level. Moreover, it provided potential explanation to the multi-target and multi-level action of TCM in diseases, thus promoting the precise medical model of "Chinese medicine ingredients-targets-molecular mechanism-diseases". Therefore, this paper reviewed current researches about bioactive ingredients of TCM targeting ncRNAs, in order to reveal the development status and pointed out the existing problems.

R2-031