疾病诊断是医学过程中的核心和关键，基于中医理论的指导，中医证候分类是继承发展中医药学、创新生物医学的重要手段和途径，也是中西医结合优势互补的重要理论表现形式，对中医临床个体化诊疗 具有重要意义。中医证候分类以区别于现代疾病诊断的分类思维模式对不同个体进行区分，可概括为同病异 证和异病同证，因此更具个体化特点。将中医证候分类与现代医学疾病诊断相结合，创新临床诊断模式，促进 个体化医疗的发展，具有广阔的研究和应用前景，近年来一直受到国内外研究者的持续关注。本文以类风湿关 节炎及其典型证候为切入点，从中医证候分类的生物学基础研究、相关临床研究等方面，对中医证候分类研究 的现状进行阐述，以期为未来疾病诊断和中医证候分类相结合提供研究思路和方法的参考。

Disease diagnosis is the core and key of medical process. Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, TCM syndrome classification is an important theoretical manifestation of complementary advantages of traditional Chinese and western medicine. Furthermore, it is a crucial means to inherit and develop TCM and innovate biomedicine, which is also significant to individualized TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment. The classification of TCM syndromes distinguishes the different individuals from the classification thinking mode of modern disease diagnosis, which can be generalized as the same disease with different syndromes and different diseases with the same syndromes, so it has more individualized characteristics. The combination of TCM syndrome classification and modern medical disease diagnosis, innovation of clinical diagnosis mode, and promotion of individualized medical care development have extensive research and application prospects, which have been paid close attention by many researches at home and abroad in recent years. Taking rheumatoid arthritis and its typical syndromes as an example, this paper expounds the present situation of TCM syndromes classification from the aspects of biological basic research and related clinical research, in order to provide a reference for the combination of disease diagnosis and the classification of TCM syndromes in the future.

中国中医科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（ZZ11-056）：基于代谢组学分析探索类风湿关节炎虚、实证候分类的生物学基础；负责人：吕诚。