目的 调查原发性肝癌（肝癌）与大肠癌患者的中医证候分布，探讨血常规、肝肾功能、免疫功能和肿瘤指标等临床实验室指标与中医证候的关联。方法 运用《中医肝癌与大肠癌病例汇报表（CRF表）》采集中医四诊信息、客观指标等，分析肝癌与大肠癌的证型分布及各证型在临床客观指标上的表现特点及“异病同证”的规律。结果 460例肝癌和759例大肠癌患者具有肝肾阴虚、脾虚、瘀血、湿热、实热、气虚、阴虚、隐证8种单证及各种兼证，其中脾虚证（27%）、肝肾阴虚证（12%）、隐证（11%）、湿热证（9%）、肝肾阴虚兼脾虚证（8%）为肝癌和大肠癌临床较为常见的五种中医证型。血常规HB、肝肾功能TBIL、ALB和GGT在五种证型间整体分布有显著差异（P < 0.05），AFP在肝癌证型间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），在大肠癌证型间差异显著（P < 0.001）。但免疫功能和细胞因子在上述五种证型间整体分布差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 脾虚证、肝肾阴虚证、肝肾阴虚兼脾虚证、隐证、湿热证是肝癌与大肠癌证候分布的前五位，其证候分布与HB、TBIL、ALB、GGT和AFP存在关联，提示这些临床实验室指标可能作为肝癌和大肠癌“异病同证”辩证的参考依据。

Objective To investigate the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome distribution in liver cancer (LC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), and explore their correlation with clinical laboratory indicators including blood routine examination, liver and kidney function, immune function and tumor biomarkers. Methods Using the CRC cases report form (CRF) of TCM, collecting LC and CRC patients with TCM four diagnosis information and clinical laboratory indicators, analyzing TCM syndromes distribution in LC and CRC, and the performance characteristics on clinical laboratory indicators of each syndrome and the discipline of "Different Diseases with Same Syndrome". Results In 460 cases of LC and 759 cases of CRC, there were 8 single syndromes including liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome (LKYDS), spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS), damp-heat syndrome (DHS), hidden syndrome (HS), blood stasis syndrome, real heat syndrome, qi deficiency syndrome, yin deficiency syndrome and various composite syndromes. Among SDS (27%), LKYDS, (12%), HS (11%), DHS (9%) and LKYDS-SDS (8%) were more common TCM syndrome types. There were statistically significant difference in overall distribution of above 5 TCM syndrome of blood routine such as HB, liver and kidney function such as TBIL, ALB and GGT (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in AFP between LC above 5 TCM syndrome (P > 0.05), and there were significant differences among CRC (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of immune function and cytokine among the five TCM syndromes (P > 0.05). Conclusion SDS, LKYDS, HS, DHS and LKYDS-SDS were the first 5 TCM syndromes in LC and CRC. There were the significant correlations between the distribution of TCM syndrome, and the clinical laboratory indicators such as HB, TBIL、ALB、GGT and AFP, suggesting that these clinical laboratory indicators may serve as a dialectical reference basis for distinguishing the "Different Diseases with Same Syndrome" of LC and CRC.

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