化疗所致周围神经病变（CIPN）是化疗药物损伤周围神经而产生副作用，造成神经功能障碍，四肢感觉弱化、缺失等。发病机制因化疗药物而异，化疗方案、疗程以及药物累积剂量决定了症状严重程度，其与患者生活质量呈负相关。目前，临床上尚无有效预防CIPN发生或缓解症状的确切手段，需要进一步研究并提出应对化疗后周围神经病变的诊疗策略，追求患者生存质量的提高。本文通过对国内外相关文献进行分析，归纳CIPN的产生机制，总结了中西医应对CIPN的预防与治疗方法，为进一步探索CIPN发生机制以及临床预防诊疗提供借鉴。

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is one of the most frequent and severe long-term side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Preclinical and clinical studies have extensively investigated CIPN searching for effective strategies to limit its severity or to treat CIPN-related impairment, but the results have been disappointing. Their successful resolution might provide a brighter perspective for future studies. By the review of the domestic and foreign papers related to CIPN, to summarize the pathogenesis of CIPN, as well as the research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern medicine on the prevention and treatment of CIPN, which provides a reference for the prevention, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of CIPN.