目的 探究治疗抑郁症的证治及用药规律。方法 检索知网、维普、万方数据库收录1959-2018年所有治疗抑郁的方剂，将其信息规范化后建立数据库，采用IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0软件对其进行频数和因子分析。结果 用于抗抑郁的高频中药（前21味）依次为柴胡、茯苓、白芍、郁金、当归、甘草、川芎、石菖蒲、半夏、白术、陈皮、远志、酸枣仁、香附、丹参、生姜、栀子、枳实、黄芪、大枣、人参。证型为心肾不交、肝郁痰阻、气血亏虚、心脾两虚、心气不足、肝郁脾虚、气郁化火和热结血瘀，治法为补中益气、理气化痰、行气解郁、清热凉血、养心安神和补气养血。结论 中医辨证治疗抑郁症具有疗效显著、毒副作用小、起效快和复发率低的优点，抗抑郁药物的药理共性是含有黄酮类化合物和挥发油成分。

Objective To explore the rule of syndromes, treatment and medication in treating depression. Methods All the formulas for depression between 1959 and 2018 were collected from CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database. A new database was established after standardizing the information, then IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 was used to carry out frequency and factor analysis. Results The first 21 high-frequency antidepressants were Radix Bupleuri, Poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Curcumae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Radix Polygalae, Semen Zizyphi Spinosae, Rhizoma Cyperi, Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Fructus Gardeniae, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, Radix Astragali, Fructus Jujubae and Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng. Syndromes were heart and kidney non-interaction, stagnation of liver and obstruction of phlegm, deficiency of qi and blood, deficiency of heart and spleen, insufficiency of heart qi, stagnation of liver and deficiency of spleen, qi constraint transforming into fire, heat bind and blood stasis. Methods included tonifying the center and boosting qi, rectifying qi and dissolving phlegm, moving qi and resolving constraint, clearing heat and cooling blood, tranquilizing by nourishing heart and benefiting qi and nourishing blood. Conclusion Syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of obvious efficacy, few side effects, quick onset and low recurrence rate. The common pharmacological characteristic of antidepressants a flavonoid and volatile oil.

国家自然科学基金委面上项目（81774010）：活络效灵丹诱导MCPIP1表达促进小胶质细胞M2型转换抗缺血性脑卒中血脑屏障损害及机制研究，负责人：金竹青。