目的 研究藿香干预营养性肥胖大鼠的降脂作用，分析其对营养性肥胖大鼠内源性物质的影响，寻找潜在的生物标志物分析代谢途径。方法 SD大鼠，雄性，30只，按体重随机分为2组，正常组（10只）、造模组（20只），分别喂以普通饲料与高脂饲料，喂养4周，建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型；造模组按体重和血清TG含量随机分为模型组和藿香给药组。给药4周后，测量血清胆固醇（CHOL）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、葡萄糖（GLU）的含量。并利用高分辨质谱检测内源性代谢物信号，经分析主成分，筛选出潜在的生物标记物，应用MetPA数据库对差异化合物进行通路分析。结果 造模4周大鼠体重、Lee s指数、TG、CHOL、HDL-C、LDL-C明显高于正常组（P < 0.01），成功建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型。藿香给药干预4周，与模型组相比，藿香给药组血清中TG含量明显下降（P < 0.01）；血清代谢组学分析发现10种内源性差异化合物，主要通过氨酰基-tRNA、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成，鞘脂代谢，酪氨酸代谢4种途径发挥作用。结论 藿香明显降低营养性肥胖大鼠血清TG含量，结合代谢组学分析结果发现藿香可能是通过干预蛋白质、氨基酸合成，调节氨基酸和脂质代谢来发挥降脂 “化湿”的作用。

Objective To study the lipid-lowering effect of musk in rats with nutritional obesity, analyze its effect on endogenous substances in rats with nutritional obesity, and find potential biomarkers to analyze metabolic pathways.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats, male, 30, were randomly divided into 2 groups according to body weight. The normal group (10 rats) and the model group (20 rats) were fed with normal feed and high-fat diet for 4 weeks to establish nutrition. Sexual obese rat model; after successful modeling, the model was randomly divided into a model group according to body weight and serum triglyceride (TG) content, and a musk administration group (3 g/kg). After 4 weeks of administration, the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) glucose (GLU) were measured; The endogenous metabolite signal was detected by mass spectrometry, the potential biomarkers were screened by principal component, and the differential compounds were analyzed by MetPA database.Results The body weight, Lee s index, TG, CHOL, HDL-C and LDL-C of the rats at 4 weeks were significantly higher than those of the normal group (P < 0.01), and the rat model of nutritional obesity was successfully established. Musk was administered for 4 weeks, and compared with the model group, the serum TG content in the musk administration group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01); serum metabolomics analysis found 10 endogenous differential compounds, mainly through aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, tyrosine metabolism play four roles.Conclusion Musk significantly reduced serum TG content in nutritional obese rats. Combined with metabolomics analysis, it was found that musk may play a role in lipid-lowering and “wetting” by interfering with protein, amino acid synthesis, regulating amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism.

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