神经退行性疾病发病率日渐攀高，其有效治疗策略亟待研发。近年来多项研究逐步揭示肠道菌群影响中枢神经系统功能的作用机制，为靶向肠道菌群治疗神经退行性疾病的治疗手段提供了理论依据。中医药在疾病治疗中以多层面、多靶点、多通路见长，本文对肠道菌群与神经中枢的相互作用，神经退行性疾病中存在的肠道菌群紊乱，以及肠道菌群参与神经退行性疾病的发病机制进行了总结，并综述了中医药以调节肠道菌群为主要作用机制治疗神经退行性疾病的国内外研究，旨在展示中医药治疗神经退行性疾病的深入机制，为开发神经退行性疾病的新型治疗策略拓展新思路。

The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, and effective therapeutic strategies need to be developed. In recent years, several studies have gradually revealed the mechanism of action of intestinal flora affecting central nervous system function, providing a theoretical basis for targeting intestinal flora as a therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is known for its multi-dimensional, multi-target and multi-pathway approach in disease treatment.This paper summarizes the interaction between intestinal flora and the central nervous system, the disorders of intestinal flora in neurodegenerative diseases, and the pathogenesis of intestinal flora disdurbance in neurodegenerative diseases, and reviews the domestic and international studies on the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases by regulating intestinal flora as the main mechanism of action of TCM, aiming to demonstrate the in-depth mechanism of TCM in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and to develop new thoughts for novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.

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