西红花为鸢尾科番红花属植物番红花的干燥柱头，是中医临床常用的活血化瘀药，主产于伊朗、印度、希腊和摩洛哥等国家。现代药理研究表明，西红花不仅具有抗惊厥、抗抑郁、抗炎和抗氧化等药理活性，近年来其抗肿瘤活性也逐渐受到了国内外学者的关注。西红花中具有抗肿瘤作用的活性成分主要为西红花苷、西红花酸、西红花醛和西红花苦素，对乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌、白血病、皮肤癌等多种恶性肿瘤均具有抑制作用，其作用机理包括：诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻滞，增加化疗药敏感度及抑制肿瘤转移等。本文将从西红花的资源分布、抗肿瘤活性成分及作用机制方面进行总结和归纳，以期为西红花未来在抗肿瘤方面的开发及应用提供参考。

Stigma Croci is the dried stigma of Crocus sativus L. of the family Iridaceae. It is commonly used in traditional Chinese to promote blood circulation and resolve blood stasis, and is mainly produced in Iran, India, Greece and Morocco. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Stigma Croci exhibits not only anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological activities, but also its antitumor activity has gradually received attention from scholars at home and abroad in recent years. The active components of Stigma Croci with antitumor effects are mainly saffron glucoside, saffron acid, saffron aldehyde and saffron bitterin, which have inhibitory effects on various malignant tumors such as breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, skin cancer, etc. The mechanisms of action include induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, increase of chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity and inhibition of tumor metastasis. In this paper, we summarize the resource distribution, antitumor active ingredients and mechanism of action of Stigma Croci, with the aim of providing reference for the future development and application of Stigma Croci in the antitumor field.

上海市卫生和计划生育委员会上海市进一步加快中医药事业发展三年行动计划（2018年-2020年）项目（ZY (2018-2020)-GJHZ-1005）：“中国-摩洛哥中医中心”建设项目