幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori，Hp）感染是人类最为常见的慢性感染之一。Hp感染后引起粘膜免疫应答，固有免疫反应和适应性免疫反应共同发挥免疫效应，同时胃内微生物菌群也发生改变，与粘膜免疫系统相互影响。Th1/Th2、Th17/Treg免疫失衡，异常炎症状态，胃内微环境改变与Hp感染后疾病的发生、发展密切相关。对于Hp感染的治疗，现有西医疗法存在抗生素耐药、副作用大、复发率高等问题，而中医药参与治疗可有效提高Hp根除率，显著改善患者临床症状，减少副作用。利用现代科学技术来阐释中医药治疗Hp感染的机制，不仅为中医药赋予科学内涵，也为中医药的临床应用提供依据。本文基于Hp感染引起的粘膜免疫应答及其对微生物菌群的影响，探讨中医药治疗Hp感染的研究进展。

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is among the most infections in humans. Hp infection leads to mucosal immune responses. Innate immunity and adaptive immunity collectively exert immune effects. Meanwhile, there are changes in the gastric microbiome. Immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg, abnormal inflammatory state, and changes in gastric microenvironment are closely related to the occurrence and development of Hp infections. For the treatment of Hp infection, the existing western medicine treatment has the problems of antibiotic resistance, large side effects and high recurrence rate, while the participation of Chinese medicine (CM) treatment can improve the eradication rate of Hp, significantly improve the clinical symptoms, and reduce side effects. Using modern science and technology to explain the mechanism of CM treatment of Hp infection not only endows CM with scientific connotation, but also provides the basis for the clinical application of CM. This paper discussed the research progress of CM on Hp infection based on mucosal immunity and microbiota.

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