南板蓝根具有悠久的民间及临床药用历史，可用于治疗丹毒、病毒性肝炎、流行性感冒等疾病。其化学成分主要包括生物碱、木脂素类、苯乙醇苷类、甾醇、萜类等。现代药理学研究表明，南板蓝根具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎等作用。本文通过查阅国内外相关文献资料，系统综述了南板蓝根化学成分、药理活性及质量控制，以期为南板蓝根中药的深入开发和合理使用提供参考。

Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek has a long history of folk and clinical medicinal use and can be used to treat diseases such as dengue, viral hepatitis, and influenza. Its chemical composition mainly includes alkaloids, lignans, phenylethanol glycosides, sterols, terpenoids and so on. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek has antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the chemical composition, pharmacological activity and quality control of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek by reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature, with a view to providing reference for the in-depth development and proper use of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek.