目的 研究一清颗粒联合环磷酰胺对三阴性乳腺癌荷瘤小鼠移植瘤的影响。方法 建立小鼠乳腺癌移植瘤模型，并随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组，每组8只。阳性对照组腹腔注射30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1环磷酰胺，实验组灌胃20 g·kg^-1·d^-1一清颗粒，联用组腹腔注射30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1环磷酰胺+灌胃20 g·kg^-1·d^-1一清颗粒。阴性对照组灌胃等体积0.9% NaCl+腹腔注射等体积0.9% NaCl，每天1次，连续干预17天。检测各组小鼠肿瘤生长情况；检测各组小鼠抑瘤率、脾指数和胸腺指数；检测各组中性粒细胞、外周血淋巴细胞和单核细胞的比例；检测肿瘤组织中CD4⁺T和CD8⁺T细胞比例；检测肿瘤组织中IL-6和TNF-α mRNA表达水平；检测各组小鼠体质量增加率。结果 联合组移植瘤生长速度最慢；阳性对照组、实验组和联合组抑瘤率分别为60.34%，24.71%和76.46%；阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的胸腺指数分别为（0.50 ± 0.28）、（0.06 ± 0.04）、（0.54 ± 0.39）和（0.23 ± 0.04）；阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的外周血淋巴细胞比例分别为（33.77 ± 2.29）%、（16.20 ± 4.52）%、（31.33 ± 10.01）%和（21.07 ± 4.37）%；阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的CD4⁺T细胞比例分别为（36.43 ± 2.67）%、（33.57 ± 1.69）%、（45.96 ± 3.54）%和（62.8 ± 3.63）%；阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的CD8⁺T细胞比例分别为（30.02 ± 1.97）%、（25.79 ± 2.32）%、（34.95 ± 1.93）%和（42.16 ± 2.57）%；阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的IL-6 mRNA表达水平分别为1.00 ± 0.04、0.67 ± 0.02、0.61 ± 0.04和0.49 ± 0.05；阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的TNF-α mRNA表达水平分别为1.00 ± 0.03、0.73 ± 0.01、0.69 ± 0.02和0.66 ± 0.03。阴性对照组、阳性对照组、实验组和联合组的体质量增加率分别为（12.50 ± 1.84）%，（5.00 ± 1.63）%，（8.30 ± 0.54）%和（8.10 ± 0.41）%。与阳性对照组相比，联合组抑瘤率、胸腺指数、外周血淋巴细胞比例、CD4⁺T细胞、CD8⁺T细胞比例以及体质量增加率都显著增加，而IL-6的表达水平显著降低（P<0.05）。结论 一清颗粒联合环磷酰胺可显著抑制乳腺癌荷瘤小鼠移植瘤生长，一清颗粒可以减少环磷酰胺致小鼠免疫功能减退的毒性反应，改善生存质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqing granules combined with Cyclophosphamide on the growth of transplanted tumors in mice breast cancer.Methods Building the mice model of xenografted breast carcinoma, all tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into negative control group, positive control group, test group and combined group. Positive control group was intraperitoneally injected with Cyclophosphamide (30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), test group was given Yiqing granules (20 g·kg^-1·d^-1) orally, Combined group was intraperitoneally injected with Cyclophosphamide (30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) and Yiqing granules (20 g·kg^-1·d^-1) orally, Negative control group was intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline and the equal volume of normal saline orally per day, 1 time·d^-1, for 17 d. Tumor growth was detected in each group, the tumor inhibition rate, splenic index and thymus index were measured. The proportion of peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment of each group were detected. The mRNA expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in each group were detected. The percentage of physique gain in each group was detected.Results The growth rate of transplanted tumor was the slowest in the combined group. The tumor inhibition rates in positive control group, test group and combined group were 60.34%, 24.71% and 76.46% respectively. The thymus index of negative control group, positive control group, test group and combined group were (0.50 ± 0.28), (0.06 ± 0.04), (0.54 ± 0.39) and (0.23 ± 0.04). The percentages of lymphocyte in peripheral blood were (33.77 ± 2.29)%, (16.20 ± 4.52)%, (31.33 ± 10.01)% and (21.07 ± 4.37)%. The proportion of CD4 ⁺ T cells were (36.43 ± 2.67)%, (33.57 ± 1.69)%, (45.96 ± 3.54)% and (62.8 ± 3.63)%. The proportion of CD8⁺ T cells were (30.02 ± 1.97)%, (25.79 ± 2.32)%, (34.95 ± 1.93)% and (42.16 ± 2.57)%. The mRNA expressions of IL-6 were 1.00 ± 0.04, 0.67 ± 0.02, 0.61 ± 0.04 and 0.49 ± 0.05. The mRNA expressions of TNF-α were 1.00 ± 0.03, 0.73 ± 0.01, 0.69 ± 0.02 and 0.66 ± 0.03. The percentage of physique gain were (12.50 ± 1.84)%, (5.00 ± 1.63)%, (8.30 ± 0.54)% and (8.10 ± 0.41)%. Compared with positive control group, the tumor inhibition rate, splenic index, thymus index, the percentages of lymphocyte in peripheral blood, the proportion of CD4⁺T cells, CD8⁺T cells and the percentage of physique gain in combined group were increased, the mRNA expressions of IL-6 was decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion The Yiqing granules combined with Cyclophosphamide can effectively inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in mice breast cancer. Yiqing granules can reduce the toxicity of Cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppression in mice.

国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目（81872772）：靶向miRNAs信号途径提高白血病细胞对糖皮质激素敏感性的天然化合物作用机制研究，负责人：李艳梅；贵州省科学技术厅科技计划项目（QKHPTRC[2020]5008）：研发贵州民族药新功效活性物质基础及作用机制的化学生物学科技创新人才团队，负责人：李艳梅；贵州省科学技术厅科技计划项目（黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般526）：肺力咳胶囊通过Caspase-3/GSDME信号通路介导细胞焦亡抗三阴性乳腺癌的活性物质基础及其分子作用机制研究，负责人：杨珏。