草乌在中医、蒙医等领域具有悠久的用药历史，具有祛风除湿，温经止痛的功效，因其治疗效果与毒性作用共存，临床使用前必须进行减毒处理。蒙药属于我国特色民族医药，在炮制及应用草乌方面具有丰富的经验，且独具特色，蒙药草乌炮制方法中的诃子制草乌因其减毒效果显著、且有效保留了草乌中的成分在多种蒙药方剂中被广泛应用。然而，诃子制草乌在不同医籍中具体炮制方法不尽相同，且缺乏一套完整的质量控制体系。本文调研了国内外近十年来的研究文献，总结了草乌的化学成分（包括毒性成分）及药理毒理作用，对草乌的减毒机制进行汇总，总结了目前草乌质量标准的构建方法、评价体系及存在的问题，给予蒙药草乌的炮制规范及质量标准的建立提供全面科学的资料，为进一步加强传统民族医药的研究提供参考。

Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb (AKR) has a long history of medication in traditional Chinese medicine, Mongolian medicine and other fields. It has the effects of dispelling wind, dehumidification, warming meridians and relieving pain. As its therapeutic effect coexists with toxicity, it must be treated with detoxification before clinical use. Mongolian medicine belongs to Chinese characteristic ethnic medicine, which has rich experience and unique characteristics in processing and application of AKR. The processing method of AKR in Terminalia chebula is widely used in various Mongolian medicine prescriptions because of its remarkable detoxicity effect and effective retention of the ingredients in AKR. However, the specific processing methods of Terminalia chebula in different medical books are different, and a complete quality control system is lacking. This paper studied the research at home and abroad for nearly a decade of research literature, summarized the chemical composition of AKR (including toxic ingredient and pharmacological toxicology), the attenuated process of AKR and attenuated mechanism to carry on the summary, summarized the current AKR quality standard construction methods, evaluation system and existing problems, and gave Mongolian AKR preparation and the establishment of quality standards to provide comprehensive scientific data. It provides reference for further strengthening the research of traditional ethnic medicine.

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国家科学技术部国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1708202）：蒙药经典方扎冲十三味丸和安神补心六味丸中药材特色炮制规范和药材质量追溯体系的建立；负责人：郑重； 中国科学院“十四五”网信专项先期建设项目（WX145XQ07-12）