内生菌由细菌、真菌、古菌和原生生物组成，它们生活在植物的活体组织中，具有丰富的次级代谢产物多样性。人参内生菌在人参的生长发育、次级代谢产物的生成和环境适应等方面均有重要的促进作用，对人参的产量和品质有较大影响。随着人们在微生物领域研究的深入，高通量测序技术已经成为研究植物内生菌的重要方法。文章主要从人参内生菌分离与鉴定研究方法、人参内生菌的多样性、人参内生菌及其次级代谢产物的活性、人参内生菌对宿主的影响等4个方面对人参内生菌近年来的研究进展进行讨论，并对其发展方向提出展望，以期为药用植物内生菌研究和品质改良提供新思路、新方法。

Endophytes constitute the bacteria, fungi, archae and protists, which live in the living tissues of plants and have a rich diversity of secondary metabolites. Ginseng endophytes play an important role in promoting the growth and development of ginseng, the production of secondary metabolites and environmental adaptation, and have a greater impact on the yield and quality of ginseng. With the deepening of research in the field of microorganisms, high-throughput sequencing technology has become an important method for studying plant endophytes. This article mainly focuses on the research methods of isolation and identification of ginseng endophytes, the diversity of ginseng endophytes, the activity of ginseng endophytes and its secondary metabolites, and the influence of ginseng endophytes on the host. The research progress in recent years is discussed, and the prospect of its development direction is put forward, with a view to providing new ideas and new methods for the research and quality improvement of medicinal plant endophytes.

国家科学技术部“重大新药创制”国家科技重大专项（2017ZX09301060-012）：民族药新品种研发及其关键创新技术，负责人：肖水明；中国中医科学院中药研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费（ZXKT19012）：基于多组学的银环蛇PLA2神经毒遗传特征鉴定、毒性作用机制及靶标蛋白研究（陈士林）/银环蛇PLA2神经毒毒性作用机制研究，负责人：徐江；国家自然科学基金委员会重大项目（81891013）：中药道地性的遗传成因，负责人：袁媛。