非酒精性脂肪肝（Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD）是一种除酒精以外的因素引起的肝脏异位脂肪堆积的进行性肝病，近年来发病率不断上升，且临床上尚无特效药。研究发现核转录因子κB（NF-κB）能够激活炎症与氧化应激，在NAFLD的发病中起着重要作用。中药获取方式便捷、价格低廉，能够多途径、多渠道地治疗NAFLD，临床疗效较好，尚未发现明显副作用。已有多项研究表明中药可通过抑制NF-κB信号通路抑制NAFLD的发生与发展。本文总结了2021年以来中药基于NF-κB信号通路治疗NAFLD的研究成果，对几种中药提取物（黄酮类化合物、萜类化合物、多糖类化合物、苷类化合物、生物碱类化合物、酚类化合物）和中药复方（疏肝健脾方、二黄祛脂颗粒、附子理中汤、黄芩汤、芩连红曲汤、降脂颗粒）通过NF-κB信号通路改善肝脏炎症反应、氧化应激反应、纤维化、细胞凋亡、自噬和焦亡来抑制NAFLD的进一步发展，为今后的新药开发及临床用药提供新的思路。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive liver disease caused by factors other than alcohol caused by heterotopic fat accumulation in the liver.In recent years, the incidence rate has been increasing, and there is no specific clinical drug.Studies have found that nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) can activate inflammation and oxidative stress ,which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.Traditional Chinese medicine is convenient to obtain and cheap.It can treat NAFLD through multiple channels with good clinical efficacy, and no obvious side effects have been found till now.Many studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine can inhibit the occurrence and development of NAFLD by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.This article summarizes the research results of traditional Chinese medicine in treating NAFLD based on the NF-κB signaling pathway since 2021,for several traditional Chinese medicine extracts (flavonoids, terpenoids, polysaccharides, glycosides, alkaloids and phenolic compounds) and traditional Chinese medicine compound (Shugan Jianpi Fang, Erhuang Quzhi Granules, Fuzi Lizhong Decoction, Huangqin Decoction, Qinlian Hongqu Decoction, Jiangzhi Granules),which can inhibit the further development of NAFLD by improving liver inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, fibrosis, apoptosis, autophagy and pyroapoptosis through the NF-κB signaling pathway,in order to provide new ideas for future new drug development and clinical medication.

]国家自然科学基金青年(82004338)；中医药防治糖尿病及其并发症学科创新引智基地(B20055)