近年来，中西医结合凭借中医整体调节与西医精准干预的融合优势，为肿瘤患者提供了更全面有效的治疗方案，然而仍面临着诊疗主观性较强、标准化程度不足，数据整合困难等挑战。生成式人工智能（Generative artificial intelligence，GAI）作为新兴技术，在复杂数据处理、非线性模式识别以及逻辑推理方面能力突出。这些特性不仅与肿瘤中西医结合诊疗中复杂系统性及整体观念高度契合，也为该诊疗模式的科学创新提供了多元可能。依托肿瘤大数据的可及性，本文旨在探讨GAI在促进四诊合参数智化、智能诊断新模式、协同疗法优化、治未病管理体系革新方面的应用场景，并提出数据知识双驱动的“肿瘤中西医结合诊疗智能体”初步构想，分析当前所面临的多重挑战及其应对策略，以期推动肿瘤中西医结合诊疗的高层次发展及GAI在该领域的转化应用。

n recent years, the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine (TCM-WM) has offered more comprehensive and effective therapeutic strategies for cancer patients by combining holistic regulation with precision-based interventions. However, this approach continues to face several challenges, including strong subjectivity in diagnosis and treatment, limited standardization, and difficulties in data integration. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI), as an emerging technology, demonstrates advanced capabilities in complex data processing, nonlinear pattern recognition, and logical reasoning. These features not only closely align with the concepts of complex systems and holism underlying the diagnosis and treatment of tumors with integrated TCM-WM, but also offer multiple possibilities for scientific innovation. Leveraging the increasing availability of big data in oncology, this article aims to explore the potential applications of GAI. These applications include driving the digital and intelligent transformation of the four-diagnostic methods, advancing novel intelligent diagnostic paradigms, optimizing combinatorial therapeutic strategies, and transforming preventive health management systems. Furthermore, we propose a preliminary architecture for a data-knowledge dual-driven “Intelligent agent for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors with integrated TCM-WM”, and systematically analyze the current challenges along with corresponding strategies. Ultimately, this work seeks to promote the high-level development of the diagnosis and treatment of tumors with integrated TCM-WM and facilitate the translational application of GAI in this domain.

北京市中医药科技发展资金项目